Zone 11a planting calendar

What to plant in October: zone 11a

Zone 11a averages its last spring frost around January 1 and its first fall frost around December 31. Everything below is timed from those two dates, so it stays useful whether you're planting for summer or for a fall harvest.

These are zone-average dates. Check an area-level frost estimate from thirty years of nearby weather history and this calendar retimes itself.
Last frost: January 1
First frost: December 31
Winter lows: 40 to 45 °F
Zone 11a Almanac. What growers here actually recorded: sowing weeks, days to first pick, and yields.

Dormant care

  • Clean, sharpen and oil blades while there's time. Dull tools bruise plants and slow you down.

  • Prune apples, pears and peaches while fully dormant. Open the center, remove crossing wood.

Start indoors

  • A tray on the windowsill gives you a cut of fresh greens every 10-14 days through the cold months.

  • Alliums need 10-12 weeks under lights before they go out. The earliest sowing of the year.

  • Onionaround Oct 23

    10 weeks of indoor growth before your last frost (01-01). Match day-length to your latitude. Long-day north of 37°, short-day south.

  • Rosemaryaround Oct 23

    10 weeks of indoor growth before your last frost (01-01). In zone 6 and below, grow in a pot and overwinter indoors near a south window.

  • Leekaround Oct 23

    10 weeks of indoor growth before your last frost (01-01). Plant seedlings deep in a 6 in trench and hill soil up the stem twice during the season. That buried length is the tender white shaft you're growing for.

  • Celeryaround Oct 23

    10 weeks of indoor growth before your last frost (01-01). Celery is a water crop: it turns stringy and bitter the moment it dries out. Keep soil consistently moist and feed steadily. Homegrown stalks are thinner and far more flavorful than store celery.

  • Lavenderaround Oct 23

    10 weeks of indoor growth before your last frost (01-01). Lean, gritty, well-drained soil and no coddling. Plant on a slight mound, skip the fertilizer, and prune a third of the plant after bloom to stop it going woody.

  • Celeriacaround Oct 23

    10 weeks of indoor growth before your last frost (01-01). Needs a long, steady season: start indoors early and keep soil evenly moist the entire time or the knob stays small.

  • Habanero Pepperaround Oct 23

    10 weeks of indoor growth before your last frost (01-01). Needs more heat and a longer season than bell peppers; start indoors early and don't rush it outside until nights stay above 55F.

  • Lemongrassaround Oct 23

    10 weeks of indoor growth before your last frost (01-01). Pot it up and bring it indoors before frost north of zone 9; a clump easily overwinters on a sunny windowsill.

Direct sow

  • Rutabagaaround Oct 9

    Soil is ready -12 weeks before last frost.

Start indoors for fall

  • Broccoliaround Oct 3

    Seedlings need 5 weeks before they go out for a fall harvest.

  • Kalearound Oct 20

    Seedlings need 4 weeks before they go out for a fall harvest.

Direct sow for fall

  • Peaaround Oct 4

    Fall pea window opens. Sowing now beats the last-minute date by a month of growth.

  • Cilantroaround Oct 5

    Succession sowing 3 of 3. Sow every 21 days for a steady cut.

  • Carrotaround Oct 5

    Fall carrot window opens. Sowing now beats the last-minute date by a month of growth.

  • Beetaround Oct 9

    Fall beet window opens. Sowing now beats the last-minute date by a month of growth.

  • Dillaround Oct 9

    Fall dill window opens. Sowing now beats the last-minute date by a month of growth.

  • Spinacharound Oct 21

    Succession sowing 3 of 3. Sow every 21 days for a steady cut.

  • Lettucearound Oct 21

    Succession sowing 2 of 3. Sow every 21 days for a steady cut.

  • Parsleyaround Oct 22

    Counts back 70 days from your first frost. Takes a light frost with cover.

  • Cilantroaround Oct 26

    Succession sowing 2 of 3. Sow every 21 days for a steady cut.

  • Bush beanaround Oct 27

    Counts back 55 days from your first frost. Frost-tender: must finish before frost.

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